بطاقات اللغة الإنجليزية | العلمي توجيهي: مراجعة سريعة

What does Comfort zone mean?

A psychological state where a person feels at ease, in control, and experiences low anxiety.

What does Like-minded mean?

People who share similar interests, attitudes, or opinions.

What does Optional extra mean?

Something that is not compulsory or required, but available for choice.

What does Potential mean?

Latent qualities or abilities that may be developed and lead to future success.

What does Stative Verbs mean?

Verbs that describe a state of being rather than an action, typically not used in continuous tenses.

What does Present Simple mean?

Used for regular, repeated actions and general truths.

What does Present Continuous mean?

Used for actions in progress at the time of speaking or temporary changes.

What does Present Perfect Simple mean?

Focuses on recent past experience or indefinite past events.

What does Foundation Course mean?

A preparatory program designed for students who need extra academic or language support before starting a full university degree.

What does Application Form mean?

A formal document used by institutions to evaluate a candidate's suitability, experience, and motivation for a specific course.

What does Climate Change mean?

A significant and lasting change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns, often a focal point for environmental studies.

What is the main idea in the section The Purpose of Foundation Courses?

Why do students choose foundation courses?

What does Persevere mean?

To continue in a course of action even in the face of difficulty or with little prospect of success.

What does Inevitable mean?

Certain to happen; unavoidable.

What does Convinced mean?

Completely certain that something is true.

What does Nowadays mean?

At the present time, in contrast with the past.

What does Infinitive (with to) mean?

The base form of a verb preceded by 'to', used after specific verbs like 'want', 'ask', and 'advise'.

What does Gerund (-ing form) mean?

The verb form ending in -ing, used after specific verbs like 'enjoy' and 'mind', and always after prepositions.

What is the main idea in the section Verb Patterns: Infinitive vs. -ing?

Rules for selecting the correct verb form after specific verbs.

What is the main idea in the section On + Noun Phrases?

Common prepositional phrases using 'on'.

What does Personal Statement mean?

A formal document submitted with a university application to explain why a candidate is suitable for a specific course.

What does Academic Integrity mean?

The ethical requirement to submit original work and avoid plagiarism or copying from online sources.

What does Word Limit mean?

A strict constraint on the length of the statement that must be respected to maintain professionalism.

What is the main idea in the section The 'DO' and 'DON'T' Protocol?

Essential guidelines for content selection and stylistic presentation.

What does Coincidence mean?

Events that unexpectedly happen at the same time for no clear reason.

What does Misunderstanding mean?

A situation where people get the wrong idea about an event or statement.

What does Unintended meaning mean?

Saying something that does not convey the speaker's actual intent.

What does Probability mean?

The mathematical likelihood of an event occurring, such as two people sharing a birthday.

What does Past Simple mean?

Used for completed actions in the past.

What does Past Continuous mean?

Used for actions in progress at a specific time in the past or background actions.

What does Past Perfect mean?

Used to denote an action completed before another action in the past.

What does Prefix mean?

An affix placed before a word to modify its meaning (e.g., co-, mis-).

What does Coincidence mean?

A remarkable concurrence of events or circumstances that have no apparent causal connection with one another.

What does Misunderstanding mean?

A failure to understand something correctly; a mistake as to the meaning or intention of something.

What does Cohesion mean?

The use of linguistic devices (like time phrases and pronouns) to join sentences and ideas together for clarity.

What is the main idea in the section Narrative Sequencing and Listening?

Developing the ability to order events in a story based on auditory input.

What does Addicted mean?

Unable to stop doing something.

What does Potential mean?

A problem that isn't a problem yet, but might become one in the future.

What does Vary mean?

To be different in different situations.

What does Justified mean?

An action or idea that is the correct thing to do or believe.

What does Modal Verbs of Possibility mean?

Verbs like could, might, and may used to indicate that something is possible but not certain.

What does Arrangements mean?

Future events that have been organized with other people or involve specific bookings (e.g., plane tickets).

What does Intentions mean?

Things we have decided to do but have not necessarily made formal arrangements for yet.

What is the main idea in the section Expressing Possibility and Certainty?

Using modal verbs to show how sure we are about a future event.

What does Questionnaire mean?

A structured list of questions used for conducting a poll or research study.

What does Open Question mean?

A question that allows respondents to provide their own answer in their own words.

What does Closed Question mean?

A question that restricts the respondent to a set of predefined answers (e.g., Yes/No).

What does Data Analysis mean?

The process of examining collected survey results to identify patterns, trends, and conclusions.

What does Genuine mean?

Real and exactly what it appears to be; not artificial.

What does Acquaintance mean?

Someone you know, but who is not a close friend.

What does In confidence mean?

Telling someone something secretly, trusting they will not tell anyone else.

What does Inflexible mean?

Unwilling to change or compromise; fixed in one's ways.

What does -ing Adjectives mean?

Adjectives formed from the present participle of a verb, carrying an active meaning (the thing/person that performs the action).

What does Past Participle Adjectives mean?

Adjectives formed from the third form of a verb, carrying a passive meaning (the thing/person that receives the action).

What does Reduced Relative Clause mean?

A relative clause shortened by removing the relative pronoun (who/which/that) and the verb 'to be', leaving only a participle phrase.

What is the main idea in the section Participle Adjectives: -ing vs. Past Participle?

Verbs can be transformed into adjectives to describe nouns, but the choice of form changes the meaning significantly.

What does Informal Letter mean?

A personal message written to someone you know well, typically using a relaxed tone and standard conventions like 'Dear' and 'Best wishes'.

What does Comparative Essay mean?

A piece of writing that examines the similarities and differences between two or more subjects to reach a conclusion.

What does Proofreading mean?

The process of reading a text to find and correct errors in spelling, punctuation, and grammar.

What is the main idea in the section Digital Communication: Speed and Efficiency?

An overview of the benefits and drawbacks of emails, texts, and social media.

What does Job security mean?

Being sure that you won't lose your job.

What does Outweighs mean?

Is more important than (used when comparing positives and negatives).

What does Stage fright mean?

Feeling nervous before appearing in public.

What does Make a living mean?

To earn enough money to survive.

What does Reported Questions mean?

Questions that are recounted by someone else, characterized by a shift in tense and word order (statement order).

What does Subject Questions mean?

Questions where the question word (Who/What) acts as the subject of the sentence, requiring no auxiliary 'do/did'.

What does Question Tags mean?

Short questions added to the end of statements to confirm information or check agreement.

What is the main idea in the section Reported and Indirect Questions?

Rules for converting direct inquiries into reported statements.

What does Work Experience mean?

A short-term placement in a company to learn about a specific job or industry.

What does Hidden Job Market mean?

Job opportunities that are not publicly advertised, estimated to be 80-85% of all vacancies.

What does General Enquiry Letter mean?

A formal letter sent to a company to ask about potential job openings or work experience.

What is the main idea in the section Arranging Work Experience?

Practical steps for students to secure a placement.

What does ICT mean?

Information and Communications Technology; a sector making up over 5% of the Palestinian economy.

What does Start-up mean?

A newly established business, often in the technology sector.

What does Breakthrough mean?

An important discovery or event that helps to improve a situation or provide an answer.

What does Market Research mean?

The action or activity of gathering information about consumers' needs and preferences.

What does Reporting Verbs mean?

Verbs like tell, advise, and warn used to relay instructions or advice to a third party.

What does Causative mean?

A structure used to show that we arrange for someone else to do something for us.

What does Phrasal Noun mean?

A noun formed by joining a phrasal verb into a single word, often used in formal or technical contexts.

What is the main idea in the section Reporting Advice and Instructions?

Rules for reporting what others have said regarding suggestions or warnings.

What does Production Manager mean?

The individual responsible for overseeing the manufacturing process and supply logistics.

What does Unit Price mean?

The cost of a single item before any discounts or bulk reductions are applied.

What does Payment on receipt mean?

A payment term where the buyer agrees to pay for goods immediately upon receiving them.

What does Bank transfer mean?

A method of electronic funds transfer from one person or entity to another.

What does Astonishing mean?

Very surprising or impressive.

What does Infuriated mean?

Extremely angry or impatient.

What does Trial mean?

A test of performance, qualities, or suitability; a period of testing.

What does Objective mean?

Not influenced by personal feelings or opinions in considering and representing facts.

What does Wish mean?

A verb used with the past perfect to express a desire that a past situation had been different.

What does Regret mean?

A verb used with the -ing form to express sadness or repentance over a past action or omission.

What does Prefix mean?

A group of letters added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning, such as 'over-' or 'under-'.

What is the main idea in the section Expressing Regret with 'Wish'?

How to use the verb 'wish' to talk about things we did wrong in the past.

What does Referee mean?

The person who controls the game and ensures rules are followed.

What does Striker mean?

A player whose main job is scoring goals.

What does Equaliser mean?

A goal that makes the scores level (e.g., changing 1-0 to 1-1).

What does Challenge mean?

An attempt to get the ball from another player.

What does Identity mean?

The idea of who you are, often shaped by social, economic, and biological factors.

What does Nature or Nurture mean?

The argument concerning how much of character is due to biology (nature) and how much is shaped by experience (nurture).

What does Conform mean?

To behave or think according to socially acceptable standards or peer pressure.

What does Brand Loyalty mean?

The tendency of consumers to continue buying the same brand of goods rather than competing brands.

What does Concrete Nouns mean?

People or things that can be seen, touched, or perceived physically (e.g., consumer, product).

What does Abstract Nouns mean?

Ideas, qualities, or concepts that cannot be seen or touched (e.g., consumption, success, confidence).

What does Countable Nouns mean?

Nouns that have both singular and plural forms and can be counted.

What does Uncountable Nouns mean?

Nouns that do not have a plural form and are followed by a singular verb.

What does Revision Timetable mean?

A schedule created to allocate specific time slots for different subjects to ensure organized study.

What does Work Space mean?

A consistent, dedicated area used for studying to help the brain enter a productive state more easily.

What does Summarizing mean?

The process of extracting the main points of a text while omitting unnecessary details like examples or opinions.

What is the main idea in the section Personalized Revision Strategies?

Understanding that study methods are not 'one size fits all'.

What does Culture mean?

The beliefs, habits, and ways of life shared by a particular group of people.

What does Expatriates mean?

People who live permanently in another country.

What does Conviction mean?

A strong belief that what one is doing is the right thing.

What does Fluent mean?

Able to express oneself easily in a language.

What does Infinitive mean?

The base form of a verb, often preceded by 'to' (e.g., to go).

What does Gerund mean?

The -ing form of a verb used as a noun (e.g., drinking, paying).

What does Past Modal mean?

A structure (modal + have + past participle) used to express degrees of certainty or regret about the past.

What is the main idea in the section Verb Patterns: Infinitive vs. Gerund?

Certain verbs are followed by the infinitive, while others require the -ing form, especially when 'to' acts as a preposition.

What does Integrated Skills mean?

The practice of using multiple language skills (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) together to achieve a communicative goal.

What does Linking Words mean?

Words or phrases used to connect ideas, show contrast, indicate time, or explain results within a text.

What does For the present mean?

An idiom meaning 'for now' or 'temporarily', which can be a source of confusion for young children who take it literally (expecting a gift).

What is the main idea in the section Exploring Early Memories?

Reflecting on the validity and nature of our earliest recollections.