أسئلة اللغة الإنجليزية المتقدمة توجيهي: مع الحل

س: Define “identity” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The qualities, interests, values, possessions, and relationships that help define a person.

س: Define “compound adjective” in the context of this lesson.

ج: An adjective made from more than one word that expresses one idea, such as strong-willed or open-minded.

س: Define “fixed expression” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A set phrase whose words normally stay together to express a particular meaning.

س: Define “social butterfly” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A very sociable person who enjoys meeting and talking to people.

س: Define “keep yourself to yourself” in the context of this lesson.

ج: To be private and not share much with others.

س: Define “dark horse” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A person whose abilities or qualities are hidden until they surprise people.

س: Define “disposition” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A person's usual character or personality.

س: Define “hereditary” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Passed from parent to child.

س: Define “nurture” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The care and environment that help a person develop.

س: Define “continuous tense” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A tense form that focuses on an action in progress or happening over time.

س: Define “perfect tense” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A tense form that connects an action to another time or result.

س: Define “present perfect continuous” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A form used for an action that started in the past and continues or has a present result.

س: Define “linguistic relativity” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The idea that language may influence how speakers perceive or think about the world.

س: Define “Sapir-Whorf hypothesis” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A well-known name for the theory that language affects thought.

س: Define “perceive” in the context of this lesson.

ج: To see, notice, or understand something in a particular way.

س: Define “blog post” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A personal online-style text that usually combines narrative, reflection, and an engaging voice.

س: Define “childhood memory” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A remembered event from early life that can reveal emotion, values, or identity.

س: Define “bring memories flooding back” in the context of this lesson.

ج: To make many memories return suddenly and strongly.

س: Define “verb of movement” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A verb that describes how someone or something moves, often with detail about speed, balance, force, or manner.

س: Define “idiom” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A fixed expression whose meaning is figurative and should not be changed word by word.

س: Define “literal meaning” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The direct physical meaning of a word, such as fly meaning move through the air.

س: Define “reference device” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A word or phrase that refers backward or forward in a text, helping avoid repetition.

س: Define “inversion” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A structure where normal word order changes after negative or limiting adverbials for emphasis.

س: Define “cleft sentence” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A sentence pattern such as It was...that or What...is that highlights one part of the message.

س: Define “email of complaint” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A formal message that explains a problem, gives evidence, and requests an appropriate response.

س: Define “clause of concession” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clause with words such as although or while that balances a complaint by acknowledging another point.

س: Define “passive voice” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A structure that focuses on what happened or what was done, often making formal writing less direct.

س: Define “alternative” in the context of this lesson.

ج: One possible choice among two or more options.

س: Define “preference” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The option someone would choose or favour.

س: Define “pros and cons” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The advantages and disadvantages of a choice.

س: Define “decision-making process” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A structured way to gather information, compare options, seek views, choose, and reflect.

س: Define “compatibility” in the context of this lesson.

ج: How well two people’s habits, preferences, or goals fit together.

س: Define “budget” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The amount of money available for a trip or activity.

س: Define “Cost-benefit analysis” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A sophisticated decision-making tool that weighs the relative importance of different factors by assigning them scores.

س: Define “Present bias” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The human tendency to overvalue immediate rewards while ignoring or undervaluing long-term benefits.

س: Define “Sunk-cost fallacy” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The false belief that one should continue an activity or investment simply because time or money has already been invested.

س: Define “USP (Unique Selling Point)” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The feature that makes a product different from and better than anything else.

س: Define “Turnover” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The amount of business a company does in a set period of time.

س: Define “Venture” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A new business activity that is risky or involves chance.

س: Define “For-and-against essay” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A formal piece of writing that discusses the advantages and disadvantages of a specific topic before reaching a conclusion.

س: Define “Paraphrase” in the context of this lesson.

ج: To rewrite a text or statement using different words while maintaining the original meaning to avoid repetition.

س: Define “Collocation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A group of words that are habitually juxtaposed or commonly used together (e.g., 'run errands').

س: Define “Inference” in the context of this lesson.

ج: An idea or conclusion reached based on evidence, speaker words, and tone rather than explicit statements.

س: Define “Scarcity Principle” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A persuasion technique that makes an offer seem more attractive by suggesting it is in limited supply.

س: Define “Reciprocation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The psychological tendency to feel obliged to give something back after receiving a favor or gift.

س: Define “Passive Voice” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence is the recipient of the action rather than the performer.

س: Define “Agent” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The person or thing that performs the action in a sentence; in passive sentences, the agent is often preceded by 'by' or omitted.

س: Define “Past Participle” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The form of a verb (typically ending in -ed for regular verbs) used with 'be' to form passive structures.

س: Define “For-and-against essay” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A formal piece of writing that discusses the advantages and disadvantages of a specific topic.

س: Define “Paraphrasing” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Rewriting a text or statement using different words while maintaining the original meaning to avoid repetition.

س: Define “Collocations” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Words that are habitually placed together, such as 'shop around' or 'run errands'.

س: Define “partitive” in the context of this lesson.

ج: An expression such as a slice of or a spoonful of that helps count or measure food and other mass nouns.

س: Define “paraphrase” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A restatement of the same idea using different vocabulary or structure.

س: Define “advanced conditional” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A conditional structure using forms such as supposing, provided that, but for, should, were, or had.

س: Define “restaurant review” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A text that describes a dining experience, evaluates it, and usually gives a recommendation.

س: Define “nominalisation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Turning a verb or clause into a noun phrase to make writing more concise.

س: Define “recommendation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clear judgement about whether the reader should choose the restaurant.

س: Define “critical thinking” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Checking claims carefully instead of accepting the first impression.

س: Define “nutrition label” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The product information that lists ingredients and nutrient amounts.

س: Define “BOGOF” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A promotion meaning buy one, get one free.

س: Define “justification” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A reason that explains or supports a suggestion.

س: Define “acknowledgement” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A polite response that shows you have heard another person’s idea.

س: Define “development of ideas” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The order in which a speaker introduces, expands, and connects points.

س: Define restaurant review in the context of this lesson.

ج: A restaurant review is a piece of writing that describes a restaurant experience and gives a supported judgement or recommendation for readers.

س: What is nominalisation? Use the blue-shades example from the lesson.

ج: Nominalisation changes an action into a noun phrase to avoid wordiness. The lesson changes The designers have cleverly used various shades of blue into Clever use of various shades of blue has created a relaxing eating area.

س: Match the informal phrases a letdown, hype, and give it a wide berth with their more formal meanings.

ج: A letdown means a disappointment. Hype means advertising and previews. Give it a wide berth means avoid.

س: Define “critical thinking” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Checking claims carefully instead of accepting the first impression.

س: Define “nutrition label” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The product information that lists ingredients and nutrient amounts.

س: Define “BOGOF” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A promotion meaning buy one, get one free.

س: Define “idiom” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A fixed expression such as run on empty or get your head down whose meaning is not fully literal.

س: Define “dependent preposition” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A preposition that normally follows a specific verb, such as apply yourself to or distract someone from.

س: Define “modal verb” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A verb such as must, can, should, may, might, or could that changes the function of the main verb.

س: Define “sports psychology” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The study and practice of supporting mental performance and well-being in sport.

س: Define “resilience” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The ability to recover and keep going during difficulty.

س: Define “word cluster” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A group of words that runs together in fast speech and may be hard to recognise.

س: Define “memorisation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Learning information so it can be recalled without looking it up.

س: Define “participle clause” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clause using a participle form to express a reason or result more compactly.

س: Define “thesis” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The main position or controlling idea of an essay.

س: Define “motivation method” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A strategy used to keep someone working toward a goal.

س: Define “buying time” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Using a phrase to create a short thinking pause before answering.

س: Define “interview answer” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A spoken response that should be relevant, calm, and supported by reasoning.

س: Define “memorisation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Learning information so it can be recalled without looking it up.

س: Define “participle clause” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clause using a participle form to express a reason or result more compactly.

س: Define “thesis” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The main position or controlling idea of an essay.

س: Define body language in the context of this lesson.

ج: Body language is communication through gestures, posture, facial expression, and movement rather than words.

س: What is a collocation? Give two body-language examples.

ج: A collocation is a natural word partnership. Examples include tilt your head, purse your lips, shrug your shoulders, and clear your throat.

س: What is the difference between a strong collocation and a weak collocation?

ج: A strong collocation is fixed or nearly fixed, such as purse your lips. A weak collocation uses a word that can combine with many other words, such as tilt with head, chin, mouth, boat, chair, or plane.

س: What clues help identify the purpose of a text?

ج: Useful clues include who will read it, the type of text, how it affects the reader, the title, visuals, style, tone, and vocabulary.

س: Match awe, serenity, rage, and remorse with their close meanings.

ج: Awe means admiration, serenity means calmness, rage means anger, and remorse means regret.

س: What is emotional labour in the article?

ج: Emotional labour is the requirement for certain workers, such as flight attendants and shop assistants, to present a happy face to clients even when they do not feel happy.

س: Define “reporting verb” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A verb such as explain, advise, promise, remind, claim, or suggest that introduces what someone says or thinks.

س: Define “verb pattern” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The grammatical structure that follows a verb, such as to infinitive, gerund, or that-clause.

س: Define “impersonal reporting” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A formal structure that reports beliefs or claims without naming a specific speaker.

س: Define “resilience” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The ability to recover from difficulty and keep moving toward meaningful goals.

س: Define “self-reliance” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Confidence in one’s ability to act and cope independently.

س: Define “support network” in the context of this lesson.

ج: People who can give and receive help during difficult times.

س: Define “vague language” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Imprecise spoken language such as thingy, stuff, sort of, or -ish.

س: Define “relative clause” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clause that gives information about a noun, often using who, which, that, where, or why.

س: Define “nominal relative clause” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clause beginning with whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, or whenever that functions like a noun phrase.

س: Define “metaphor” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A comparison that describes one thing as another to make meaning more vivid.

س: Define “simile” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A comparison using like or as.

س: Define “personification” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Describing a non-human thing as if it had human qualities.

س: Define letter to the editor in the context of this lesson.

ج: A letter to the editor is a formal public response to a published article or opinion. It identifies the article, explains why the writer is responding, and presents a clear view.

س: What is concession, and why is it useful in this lesson?

ج: Concession means acknowledging part of the original author's argument before explaining why you still disagree. It is useful because it makes the response sound fair and formal.

س: Define hedging and give two examples of hedging language from the lesson.

ج: Hedging means expressing ideas with caution in a formal style. Examples include perhaps, would, might, could, probably, somewhat, and to some extent.

س: Define pioneer in the context of this lesson.

ج: A pioneer is a person whose original work helps open a new field, method, or direction for others.

س: What is a phrasal verb? Give two examples from the lesson.

ج: A phrasal verb is a verb plus a particle that works as one meaning unit. Examples include come up with, hold back, set up, set out, and take in.

س: What is the difference between influence, creation, and development?

ج: Influence means affecting people, ideas, or later work. Creation means making or producing something new. Development means forming, improving, or extending something over time.

س: Define “hyperbole” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Deliberate exaggeration for effect, such as saying something weighs a ton.

س: Define “understatement” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Making something sound less strong or less serious than it is.

س: Define “loner” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A person who tends to spend time alone and may be self-sufficient or introspective.

س: Name five uses of the definite article from the textbook rule list.

ج: The definite article can be used when the noun has been mentioned before, is unique, is a superlative, is an ordinal number, is a period of time, is a certain geographical name, or refers to a group, class or species.

س: Explain the difference between "The orang-utan" and "An orang-utan" in the lesson example.

ج: "The orang-utan" can refer to the species as a whole, while "an orang-utan" introduces one individual animal.

س: Explain why "I saw a sand cat" can become "The sand cat came close to me".

ج: The first sentence introduces one sand cat, so it uses "a". The second sentence refers back to the same animal, so it uses "the" because the noun is now known.

س: Define “teamwork” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Working with others toward a shared goal while respecting roles and viewpoints.

س: Define “social action project” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A project designed to help a community or address a local need.

س: Define “role” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A clear responsibility a person takes within a group.

س: Define “incredulity” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The feeling of being unable to believe something.

س: Define “word family” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A group of related words formed from the same root.

س: Define “insistence” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A use of will that shows someone continues to do something, often against expectation or advice.

س: Define “speculation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A guess or possible explanation based on limited evidence.

س: Define “fact” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A statement that can be supported by evidence.

س: Define “opinion” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A personal view, judgement, or interpretation.

س: What is the purpose of a proposal?

ج: A proposal explains a current situation, recommends practical action, and gives reasons or benefits so the reader can decide.

س: Name the main sections used in the photography-club model proposal.

ج: The model uses Introduction, Current situation, Needs and benefits, Recommendations, and Conclusion.

س: Why should recommendations include benefits?

ج: Benefits show why a recommendation is worth accepting. They connect the suggested action to the problem it solves or the improvement it creates.

س: Define “register” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The level of formality used in speaking or writing.

س: Define “gerund” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The -ing form of a verb used like a noun.

س: Define “infinitive” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The base form of a verb, often used with to.

س: Define “aspiration” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A hope or ambition for the future.

س: Define “inference” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A conclusion drawn from evidence rather than stated directly.

س: Define “leadership” in the context of this lesson.

ج: Guiding, supporting, and taking responsibility for others toward a goal.

س: Define “tone down” in the context of this lesson.

ج: To make language less strong, blunt, or negative.

س: Define “connotation” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The positive, negative, or neutral feeling carried by a word.

س: Define “report” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A formal text that records information, evaluates it, and may make recommendations.

س: Define “reluctant leader” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A person who does not actively seek leadership but may still lead effectively.

س: Define “leadership style” in the context of this lesson.

ج: The way a person leads, communicates, and influences others.

س: Define “attribute” in the context of this lesson.

ج: A quality or feature someone has.